阿葛廷

人一定要靠自己!

6 minute read

Tags: ,

哈 前面跳過

1. 看 AIA serve 怎麼用~

  • serve 網址: https://hub.tpe.aiacademy.tw/
    • 選一GPU
    • jupyter notebook: tree / lab 模式
      • Lab: https://hub.tpe.aiacademy.tw/user/學號/lab
      • tree: https://hub.tpe.aiacademy.tw/user/學號/tree
  • 不使用:
    • Hub -> Control Panel -> Stop My Server
    • 左邊 running 關掉 開啟的 running
  • Terminal 使用:
    • 複製 檔案路徑 到 目標路徑 
      cp -r 檔案路徑 目標路徑
    • 刪除 directory 我的最愛:heart: 
      rm -r mydir

###2. Python 程式設計

  • Basic Syntax

     # assignment
 a = 1
 b = c = 5

 # assign multiple objects to multple variables.
 a, b, c = 1, 2, "John"
    • Data Type 
       counter = 100 # integer
 miles = 1000.0 # floating
 name = "John" # string
      
 # check type
 print(type(name)) # str
    • Arithmetic Operators 
       add = 1 + 1 # 2
 sub = 1 - 1 # 0
 div = 4 / 2 # 2
 mod = 4 % 3 # 1
 mul = 2 * 3 # 6
 f_div = 5 // 2 # 2
 power = 2 ** 3 # 8
    • Comparison Operators 
       a, b = 10, 20

 a == b # False
 a != b # True
 a < b # True
 a > b # False
 a <= # True
 a >= # False
    • Built-in Functions 
       # print() type() int() str()
      
 integer = 123
 string = "456"
   
 s_to_i = int(string) # int now
 i_to_s = str(integer) # str now

  • Data Structures

    • Numbers 
       # int float complex
      
 print(type(5)) # int
      
 print(type(5.0)) # float
      
 c = 5 + 3j
 print(type(c)) # complex
    • Lists 
       # empty list
 my_list = []

 # list of integers
 my_list = [1, 2, 3]

 # list with mixed datatypes
 my_list = [1, "hello", 2.3]

 # nested list
 my_list = ["mouse", [8, 4, 6]]
    • List-index 
       my_list =['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']

 print(my_list[0]) # h

 print(my_list[1]) # h
       
 # Nested List
 n_list = ["Happy", [2,0,1,9]]
 print(n_list[1][3]) # 9
    • List-nefative indexing 
       my_list = ['p', 'r', 'o', 'b', 'e']

 print(my_list[-1]) # e
 print(my_list[-5]) # p
    • List-Slicing 
       my_list = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]

 print(my_list[2:5]) # 2 3 4

 print(my_list[:-5]) # 0 1 2 3

 print(my_list[5:]) # 5 6 7 8

 print(my_list[:]) # 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

 print(my_list[::3]) # 0 3 6
    • Built-in List Methos 
       num_list = [0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]

 # append()
 num_list.append(9) # [0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

 # remove(element) not index!!
 # 只移除掉一個唷~
 num_list.remove(0) # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
 num_list.remove(9) # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]

 # index() method finds the given element in a list and returns its position.
 num_list.index(5) # 5

 # pop() takes a single argument (index) and removes the element present at that inde from the list
 result = num_list.pop(3)
 print(result) # 3

 print(num_list) # [0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
    • Tuples: 元素不能被修改 
       my_tuple = ()
 print(my_tuple) # ()
       
 my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)
 print(my_tuple) # (1, 2, 3)
    • Strings 
      my_string = "YA"
my_string2 = 'YA'

# my_str

my_str = "Hello World!"
print(my_str[0]) # H
print(my_str[-1]) # !

# slicing 3nd to 5th character
print(my_str[2:5]) # llo
    • Built-in Strings Methods 
      my_string = "hello world"

# find()
print(my_string.find("he")) # 0
      
# capitalize()
print(my_string.capitalize()) # Hello world

# upper()
print(my_string.upper()) # HELLO WORLD

# endswith
print(my_string.endswith("d")) # True

# split()
print(my_string.split(" ") # ['hello', 'world']

# replace()
print(my_string.replace("hello", "顆顆顆")) # 顆顆顆 world
    • Sets: 無重複、無排序、不可更改 
       # set of integers
 my_set = {1, 2, 3}

 # set of mixed datatypes
 my_set = {1.0, "Hello", (1, 2, 3)}
 print(my_set) # {"Hello", 1.0, (1, 2, 3)}

 # mathematical set operations
 set_1 = set(['s', 'p', 'a', 'm'])
 set_2 = set(['h', 'a', 'm'])

 # union, intersection
 print(set_1 | set_2) # {'h', 'p', 'm', 's', 'a'}
 print(set_1 & set_2) # {'a', 'm'}

 # symmetric difference
 print(set_1 - set_2) # {'s', 'p'}
    • Dictionary: 無序的 
       # empty dictionary
 my_dict = {}

 # dictionary with integer keys
 my_dict = {1: 'a', 2: 'b'}

 # dictionary with mixed keys
 my_dict = {'name': 'Tom', 1:23}

 # Another define
 my_dict = dict()

 # add elements
 my_dict['One'] = '1'
 my_dict['OneTwo'] = 12
 print(my_dict) # {'One': '1', 'OneTwo': 12}

 # update value
 my_dict['One'] = 111 # {'One': 111, 'OneTwo': 12}

 # Merge two lists to a dictionary 
 names = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five']
 numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
 merged_dict = dict(zip(names, numbers)) # {'One': 1, 'Two': 2, 'Three': 3, 'Four': 4, 'Five': 5}
    • Dictionary Methods 
       my_dict = {'name': 'Jack', 'age': 16, 'gender': 'man'}

 # remove a particular item 
 print(my_dict.pop('gender')) # man
 print(my_dict) # {'name': 'Jack', 'age': 16}

 # Returns view of dictionsr's (key, value) pair
 print(my_dict.items()) # dict_items([('name', 'Jack'), ('age', 16)])

 # Return a new view ofthe dictionary's keys
 print(my_dict.keys()) # dict_keys(['name', 'age'])

 # remove all items
 my_dict.clear() # {}

  • Control flow

    • if 
       num = 3 
 if num > 0:
     print(num, "is a positive number.")
       
 num = -1 
 if num > 0:
     print(num, "is a positive number.")

 ## Output: 3 is a positive number.
    • if … else 
       num = -1
 if num >= 0:
     print(num, "Positive or Zero")
 else:
     print(num, "is a Negative number")

 ## Output: -1 is a Negative number.
    • if … elif … else 
       num = 0
 if num > 0:
     print("Positive number")
 elif num == 0:
     print("Zero")
 else:
     print("Negative number")

 ## Output: Zero
    • Logical - or, and 
       num = 5

 if num == 0 or num ==1:
     print("Zero or One")
 elif num >= 2 and num <= 10:
     print("From 2 to 10")
 else:
     print("More")

 ## Output: From 2 to 10
    • is, not 
       num = 4

 # num == 4
 if num is 4:
     print("num is 4")
       
 # num != 6
 if num is not 6:
     print("num is not 6")
       
 # !(num == 5)
 if not num ==5:
     print("num is not 5")

 # !(num==7)
 if not num is 7:
     print("num is not 7")
    • For loop 
       numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
 sum = 0

 for val in numbers:
    sum = sum + val
       
 print("This sum is", sum) #The sum is 55
    • For loop with range() 
       # range(stop)
 # range(start, stop[, step])

 numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

 for i in range(len(numbers)):
     print("numbers ", numbers[i]) 
       
 # Output
 # number 1
 # number 2
 # number 3
 # number 4
 # number 5
 # number 6

 for i in range(0, len(numbers), 2):
     print("2 steps", numbers[i])

  # output
  # 2 steps 1
  # 2 steps 3
  # 2 steps 5
    • For loop with enumerate() 
       pets = ('Dogs', 'Cats', 'Turtles', 'Rabbits')

 for index, pet in enumerate(pets):
     print(index, pet)

 # output
 # 0 Dogs
 # 1 Cats
 # 2 Turtles
 # 3 Rabbits
    • While loop 
       n = 10 

 # initialize sum and counter
 sum = 0
 i = 1

 while i <= n:
    sum = sum + i
    i = i + 1     # update counter

 print("The sum is", sum) # The sum is 55
    • Nested Loop 
       for i in range(0, 2):
     for j in range(0, 2):
         print("i=", i, "j=", j, ", i*j=", i*j)
 # Output:  
 #  i= 0 j= 0 , i*j= 0 
 #  i= 0 j= 1 , i*j= 0
 #  i= 1 j= 0 , i*j= 0 
 #  i= 1 j= 1 , i*j= 1
    • break, continue and pass 
       numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

 # break
 for val in numbers:
    if val >=4:
       break
    print(val)

 # output 
 # 1
 # 2
 # 3


 # continue
 for val in numbers:
     if val >=3 and val <=8:
         continue
     print(val)
       
 # output
 # 1
 # 2
 # 9
 # 10

 # pass
 for val in numbers:
     pass
    • List comprehension 
       # make new lists by using iterable 
 squares = []
 for x in range(10):
     squares.appends(x**2)
 print(squares) # [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

 # equivalently
 squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]
 print(squares) # [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
       
 # with if
 squares = [x**2 for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]
 print(squares) # [0, 4, 16, 36, 64]

 # equivalently
 squares=[]
 for x in range(10):
     x % 2 == 0:
         squares.append(x**2)
 print(squares) # [0, 4, 16, 36, 64]

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